During the last years of his life, as long as he was still capable, Donatello appears to have continued work on the pulpits of San Lorenzo. There are many open questions regarding the authorship and the original purpose of the individual relief panels. However, the pulpits are another passionate example of the singular art of Donatello. here we find all the typical characteristics and particular features that were hallmarks of the master's earlier works.
Due to its iconography - including reliefs of Christ in Limbo, the Resurrection, the Ascension of Christ, the Women at the Tomb, the Miracle of Pentecost and the Martyrdom of St Lawrence - the northern pulpit is known as the Resurrection Pulpit. The southern pulpit, known as Passion Pulpit, contains depictions of the Flagellation, St John the Evangelist, Christ in Gethsemane, Christ before Caiaphas and Pilate, as well as the Crucifixion, Deposition of Christ and Burial of Christ.
There are clear differences between the two pulpits. The very size of the pictures is different, the number of reliefs varies and the individual parts of the framework have little in common.
There is no historical document concerning the original purpose or intended location of the two San Lorenzo pulpits, which are, moreover, the subject of dispute in their present form. What is certain is that they were not erected on their colourful marble columns until quite late, presumably during the 16th century.
Summary of sculptures by Donatello |
Early works |
John XXIII | David | Duomo | Orsanmichele | Siena | Various |
Mature works |
Cantoria | Basilica di Santo | Prato Pulpit | San Lorenzo | Various |
Late works |
Judith and Holofernes | Pulpits of San Lorenzo | Various |