RAFFAELLO Sanzio
(b. 1483, Urbino, d. 1520, Roma)

Baptism of Constantine

1520-24
Fresco
Sala di Constantino, Palazzi Pontifici, Vatican

Pope Clement VII, under whose reign the decoration of the Sala di Constantino finally took place, altered Leo X's thematic plan. The new scenes for the two remaining walls were the Baptism of Constantine and the Donation of Rome. The scenes permitted Clement to appear in the story in the form of a portrait - as his cousin LeoX had done before him in the Stanze. It is Clement who, as Pope Sylvester, baptizes the emperor and thereby frees him of sin and guilt. To the right of the baptism scene Clement VII is enthroned in a portrait in the role of Leo I, appropriately accompanied by the personifications Innocence and Truth.