The Gothic sacristy, located on the south side of the Romanesque San Miniato al Monte, had been constructed after the Olivetans, a branch of the Benedictine order, took possession of the monastery in 1373-74. The funds needed for the decoration of the sacristy was provided in the will of Benedetto di Nerozzo Alberti (died in 1388), member of a prominent Florentine family. The frescoing of the sacristy may have been begun soon after the death of the testator, since it was already completed in October 1388. The painter of the frescoes was Spinello Aretino, probably engaged by the Olivetans.
The fresco sequence in the sacristy includes a total of sixteen scenes from the life of St Benedict. These extend in two registers over all four walls and consists of pictorial fields of relatively small format, unusually so for Florence at this time. The selection of the subject made reference not only to the Benedictine order, but also to the patron of the cycle, as the founder of the order was also the patron saint of the donor. The pictorial program was supplemented in the vault with images of the four evangelists with their symbols and in the framing borders with busts of prophets and saints with scrolls. The literary source of the Benedict scenes is the life of the saint as described by Gregory the Great in the second book of his Dialogi.
The cycle, which begins with the eight scenes in the upper register, starts on the south wall, then continues on the west, north and east walls. The continuation of the cycle with the next eight scenes in the lower register begins on the west wall and ends on the south wall.
In almost all the scenes, those observing or witnessing the events take up quite a bit of room. Allowing the action to be reflected in the reactions of these figures is one of Spinello's main concerns as a storyteller. However, there is a certain uniformity in representing the behaviour of these figures as well as in their physiognomies. Great emphasis is placed on the depiction of the settings, in almost every image the whole of the pictorial surface is used for this.
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Paintings by SPINELLO ARETINO |
Fresco cycle in the Sacristy of San Miniato al Monte, Florence (1388) |
Fresco fragments from the Manetti Chapel (1387-91) |
Various paintings |