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The nave of the Lower Church was dug out of the rock. It is richly decorated by frescoes from the second half of the 13th century. The chapels were constructed at the end of the 13th century. The transept and the chapels were decorated in the first two decades of the 14th century by Simone Martini, Pietro Lorenzetti and Giotto.
On the south wall of the nave (left) and on the north wall (right), five scenes from the life of St Francis and five scenes from the Passion of Christ, respectively, were painted by the Master of St Francis. Half of each scene has been destroyed when the walls were broken through for constructing the side chapels. The St Martin Chapel, decorated by Simone Martini, is the fisrt chapel at left on this photograph.
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