UNKNOWN MASTER, Italian
(12th century)

Altar frontal

12th century
Polychromed stucco
Pinacoteca Nazionale, Siena

The altar frontal, or palliotto, which fills the space above the altar table, underwent an evolution in technique. In this example, decorated with the Romanesque theme of Christ and the symbols of the Evangelists, the painted stucco was probably used as a substitute for goldsmith work, which at the beginning of the Romanesque era had replaced sculpture in the round in the decoration of altars. Later, painted scenes were in turn to take the place of sculpture.