MINIATURIST, German
(active 1210s in Weingarten)

Berthold Sacramentary, folio 61r

1215-17
Manuscript (MS M.710), vellum, 293 x 204 mm
The Morgan Library and Museum, New York

The picture shows folio 61r, which contains a full-page miniature depicting the Ascension. In a mandorla held by two winged angels, Christ ascends into heaven above a multitude of believers.

Gold backgrounds and gold-loaded initials do not merely signal luxury; they create a non-temporal liturgical space. Gold is used to collapse narrative time into eternal liturgical time. The shimmering surfaces echo the abbey's reliquary culture and the cult of St Oswald.