MINIATURIST, German
(active 14th century)

Rudolf von Ems, Weltchronik

14th century
Manuscript (MS Rh. 15)
Zentralbibliothek, Zurich

The roads and rivers of medieval Europe were crowded with travellers: royal households on the move, government couriers on diplomatic missions, ecclesiastics going to Rome and back, pilgrims on journeys to Jerusalem or Compostela which could take months or even years. This in spite of the fact that maps were rudimentary, carriages uncomfortable and the dangers of robbery real.

The full-page miniature on folio 54r of this 14th-century German manuscript shows a travelling carriage, using an advanced form of slung suspension.